As I am reading about the high mortality rate of V.O.C.’s workers I really feel the strong sense of sadness for them. People really suffered badly and died horrible deaths for the sake of economics and the need to survive. Like, the Dutch people who were almost wiped out due to diseases like malaria, as … Continue reading Unit III – VOC and Economic Trade in Asia →
The Dutch Company (VOC) accounted for 45% of European voyages to Asia from 1500-1800 and a higher proportion of tonnage. It was given a monopoly charter in 1602 which it needed to organize a trade with heavy capital outlays over extended periods. Round trips to Asian headquarters in Java (Batavia) was 30,000 miles and took … Continue reading Part III – Dutch Company (VOC) and Asian Exports →
The Vijayanagara Empire (also called Karnata Empire), referred to as the Kingdom of Bisnegar by the Portuguese, was an empire based in South India, in the Deccan Plateau region. It was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination … Continue reading Part III – Empire of Vijayanagar →
Macau (/məˈkaʊ/; traditional Chinese: 澳門; simplified Chinese: 澳门; Jyutping: ou3mun4*2; pinyin: Àomén), also spelled Macao, is one of the two Special Administrative Regions of the People’s Republic of China, the other being Hong Kong. Macau lies on the western side of the Pearl River Delta across from Hong Kong, which is about 64 kilometers to … Continue reading Part III – Macao Main Port of Locus of Trade with China →
British colonies had better education, greater intellectual freedom, and social mobility. Education was secular (denoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis), with emphasis on pragmatic skills (social communication), and Yankee ingenuity, of which Ben Franklin was the prototype. New Spain had two universities in Mexico City and Guadalajara both … Continue reading Education in American Colonies 1500-1820 →
In 1820 the states in North America that relied the heaviest on slave were Maryland, Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia, which contained about 30 percent of the U.S. population. About 40 percent of the population in these states were slaves. The Caribbean islands contained 85% slaves. Life expectancy was better in the North American states … Continue reading Slaves in North America and Caribbean →
Spain retained slavery in Cuba and Puerto Rico until 1886 and was successful in expanding and modernizing sugar production.
The Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) was a slave revolt in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, which culminated in the elimination of slavery there and the founding of the Republic of Haiti. The Haitian Revolution was the only slave revolt which led to the founding of a state. (taken from Wikipedia) During the Napoleonic wars, the French … Continue reading Slave Abolishment in the Caribbean →
The Caribbean became a center of activity for Dutch, British, and French corsairs. These people were raiders and pirates. Because of this piracy, Spain adopted a convoy system for its trade with the Americas. The convoy system, which can be defined as a group of merchant vessels sailing together, with or without naval escort, for … Continue reading The Caribbean and Piracy →
In 1814 returned from exile in France, repudiated the liberal constitution, and was an absolute monarch. Bolivar was one of his military leaders in the north. He proved in many ways the basest king in Spanish history. Cowardly, selfish, grasping, suspicious, and vengeful, [he] seemed almost incapable of any perception of the commonwealth. He thought … Continue reading Ferdinand VII – King of Spain and Imbecile →